Tsim Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm Surge Arresters rau High -Voltage Transmission Lines

1. Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb: Tsis yog-Linear Voltage-Cov yam ntxwv tam sim no

Lub xeev ua haujlwm zoo (siab tsis kam): Nyob rau hauv lub zog zaus voltage, lub resistivity ntawm ZnO resistors ncav cuag \\(10^{10}-10^{11}Ω·cm\\). Cov dej xau tam sim no nyob ntawm qib microampere (tsawg dua 100 μA), ua haujlwm yuav luag yog qhib Circuit Court yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm.

Overvoltage kev khiav hauj lwm lub xeev (tsawg kuj): Thaum xob laim lossis hloov overvoltage tshaj qhovkev khiav hauj lwm voltage (reference voltage), qhov kev tiv thaiv poob sharply los ntawm ntau tshaj kaum txhiab lub sij hawm. Ib qho qis -kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm yog tsim nyob rau hauv nanoseconds kom tso tawm hluav taws xob tam sim no (txog kaum rau ntau pua kiloamperes), thiab clamp lubresidual voltagehauv qab cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv.

Rov qab lub xeev (regain high resistance): Thaum lub overvoltage ploj lawm, cov resistors cia li rov qab mus rau qhov siab -tsis kam lub xeev thiab txiav tawm lub hwj chim zaus raws li tam sim no. Cov qauv gapless hauv paus tshem tawm ua raws li cov teeb meem tam sim no.

2. Zuag qhia tag nrho Tus Qauv Tsim Kab -Hom MOA

2.1 Core Component: Stacked ZnO Resistor Kab

Cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg: Zinc oxide tso nyiaj ntau dua 90% ntawm cov khoom siv raw, tov nrog bismuth, antimony, cobalt thiab lwm yam hlau oxides. Qhov sib tov yog sintered ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 1000℃los tsim polycrystalline ceramics, uas nws cov qoob loo ciam teb xa cov khoom tsis yog -linear hluav taws xob.

Daim ntawv sib dhos: Ntau yam resistors txuas nrog hauv series kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov qib hluav taws xob sib txawv (xws li, ntau pua tus resistors siv rau 220 kV systems). Multi-kem sib txuas ua ke txhim kho qhov kev tiv thaiv rau cov tam sim no loj thiab lub zog nqus dej.

Cov hluav taws xob: Hlau electrodes ua los ntawm txhuas los yog tooj liab yog ntsia rau ntawm ob qho kawg kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab kev faib tawm tam sim no.

2.2 Rwb thaiv tsev thiab Sealing System

Composite vaj tse: Ua los ntawm silicone roj hmab los yog ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), featuring zoo heev pollution tsis kam, aging kuj thiab mechanical zog. Nws muab cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud thiab tag nrho sealing.

Internal rwb thaiv tsev: Fiberglass winding cylinders lossis epoxy rwb thaiv tsev rods txhawb cov kab resistor, tuav coaxiality thiab dais txhua yam kev ntxhov siab.

Sealing qauv: Cov kaus mom hlau kawg ntawm ob qho kawg ua ke nrog cov roj hmab sealing rings ua tiav tag nrho kev sib khi kom tsis txhob ya raws ingress thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov resistors.

2.3 Auxiliary Cheebtsam

Mounting fittings: Tsim los rau kev ncua kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kav xa hluav taws xob (kev ncua lossis hom nro), ua kom cov neeg kho tshuab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cua vibration thiab luv luv -circuit tam sim no.

Cov cuab yeej saib xyuas: Nruab nrog cov koob- txuas txuas cov ntsuas tam sim no thiab cov txee ua haujlwm los saib xyuas cov neeg laus thiab cov sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Qib rings: Tau nruab rau ntawm qhov siab -voltage kawg los ua kom zoo tshaj qhov hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob, tshem tawm cov kab mob corona thiab txo cov paug tawm ib nrab.

3. Cov Ntsiab Cai Tsim Cov Qauv thiab Cov Txheej Txheem Xaiv

3.1 Hluav taws xob Parameter Tsim

Rated voltage (\\(U_r\\)): Yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub cev, kom tsis txhob muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tswj cov dej xau tam sim no hauv kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj.

Kev siv hluav taws xob (\\(U_{ref}\\)): Qhov voltage ntsuas ntawm 1 mA tam sim no. Nquag \\(U_r ≈ 0.75-0.8U_{ref}\\), uas txiav txim siab qhov pib voltage rau kev ua kom.

Residual voltage (\\(U_{res}\\)): Qhov seem hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob impulse (8/20 μs) yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj \\(2.2U_r\\), thiab nyob rau hauv switching impulse yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj \\(1.8U_r\\), kom lav txaus tiv thaiv npoo.

Zog tiv taus muaj peev xwm: Tsim raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws xob laim tam sim no ntawm cov kab sib kis (piv txwv li, 100 kA) thiab lub zog tsim los ntawm kev hloov cov overvoltages, los tiv thaiv thermal runaway tsis ua haujlwm.

3.2 Thermal Design

Thaum tshav kub kub muaj peev xwm ntawm resistors: Lub zog ceev ntawm ib qho resistor tsis tsawg dua 200 J / cm³. Multi-kab kab sib luag layout disperses cua sov zoo.

Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation txoj kev: Thaum tshav kub kub hloov los ntawm cov resistors mus rau electrodes thiab kawg caps, ces dissipates rau ambient cua ntawm ntuj convection. Cov vaj tsev sib xyaw yog tsim los nrog cov thermal tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov hauv zos thiab ceev kev laus.

3.3 Insulation Coordination Design

Kev sib koom tes nrog kab insulators: Qhov seem hluav taws xob ntawm tus ntes yuav tsum qis dua qhov hluav taws xob flashover ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob, kom tus neeg ntes tau ua haujlwm zoo dua los tiv thaiv cov insulators.

Kho rau qhov siab thiab muaj kuab paug: Rau thaj chaw siab tshaj 1000 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm sab nraud yog nce. Rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kuab paug hnyav heev, cov tsev nyob nrog qhov kev nkag siab loj dua tau txais yuav.

4. Qhov zoo piv nrog cov tsoos Surge Arresters

Gapless qauv: Tshem tawm cov qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob nanosecond - theem teb ceev, tsis ua raws li tam sim no, thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg lossis kev laus, yog li ua tiav kev ntseeg siab dua.

Superior tsis yog -linearity: Qhov ntau dua uas tsis yog -linear coefficient ntawm ZnO resistors ua kom qis qis tam sim no thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov hluav taws xob zoo dua rau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua.

Composite vaj tse: Hloov cov vaj tse porcelain ib txwm muaj, nrog qhov zoo ntawm kev ua qias tuaj, tawg tsis kam thiab lub teeb yuag, haum rau kev ncua kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kab sib kis.

5. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Core Design Concepts