1. Cov qauv tseem ceeb uas siv tau
DL/T 640-2019High-voltage AC Drop- tawm Fuses(Primary fais fab kev lag luam tus qauv)
GB/T 15166.3-2023High-voltage AC Fuses - Ntu 3: Tshem tawm Fuses(Lub teb chaws tus qauv, tswj kev rwb thaiv tsev, voltage withstand thiab mechanical zog)
Porcelain insulators: GB / T 772; Composite insulators: GB / T 19519 (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob)
Cov qauv kev txhawb nqa: GB / T 775.3 (kev ntsuas lub zog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob), DL / T 593 (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab cov pa phem), GB / T 16927 (siab- cov txheej txheem ntsuas hluav taws xob)
Insulators raug faib ua porcelain (siab-alumina porcelain) hom thiab silicone roj hmab composite hom. Ua haujlwm dual ntawmhluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev txhawb nqa txhua yam, insulators rau poob- tawm fuses bears conductor nro, cua load, ice txheej, kev khiav hauj lwm torque thiab luv luv- Circuit Court electrodynamic quab yuam.
2. Kev Tsim Kho Hluav Taws Xob (Core)
2.1 Rated Rated Level (rau 10 kV system, siab tshaj voltage 12 kV raws li piv txwv)
Lub zog qhuav- zaus tiv taus qhov hluav taws xob (1 min): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 42 kV; Lub zog ntub dej- zaus tiv taus qhov hluav taws xob: Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 30 kV; cov nqi siab dua siv rau kev cais tawm.
Lightning impulse withstand voltage (1.2/50 μs ncov): Ntau tshaj lossis sib npaug rau 75 kV; Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 85 kV rau kev cais tawm.
Cov khoom ntsuas rau 35 kV yuav tsum tau txais cov qib rwb thaiv tsev uas tau teev tseg hauv GB / T 15166.3. Rau qhov siab tshaj 1000 m, cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov ntsuas qhov siab.
2.2 Creepage Distance thiab Creepage Ratio (anti-kev ua qias tuaj flashover)
Sab nrauv rwb thaiv tsev creepage piv yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov pa phem hauv chav kawm:
Lub teeb / nruab nrab muaj kuab paug (Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 25 mm / kV
Cov pa phem hnyav (Class Ⅲ): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 31 mm / kV
Ntxiv -kev ua paug hnyav (Class Ⅳ): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 35 mm / kV
Rau 10 kV (12 kV system) nyob rau hauv Chav Kawm Ⅲ muaj kuab paug: creepage nrug Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 372 hli. Hloov loj- thiab- me me kev teeb tsa tau txais yuav. Lub kaum sab xis siab dua lossis sib npaug li 15℃los pab txhawb tus kheej - ntxuav los ntawm cov dej nag thiab txo cov kab mob sib kis. Shed profile yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj cov npoo ntse thiab muaj zog hauv cheeb tsam hluav taws xob.
2.3 Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv
Porcelain Cheebtsam: ntom siab -alumina porcelain tsis muaj qhov hws thiab tawg; Volume resistivity Ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 10¹² Ω·cm.
Composite insulators (silicone roj hmab): muajhydrophobicity thiab hydrophobicity hloov, tiv thaiv kev taug qab thiab hluav taws xob yaig. Cov tub ntxhais pas nrig yog ua los ntawm epoxy fiberglass los lav lub zog hauv kev rwb thaiv tsev. Lub interface yuav tsum tau muab khi ruaj ruaj kom tsis txhob ya raws nkag mus rau hauv cov tub ntxhais pas nrig uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj sab hauv.
3. Mechanical Strength Design Requirements
Insulators muaj xws li kev txhawb nqa sab sauv thiab cov kabmob qis qis uas raug rau cov xwm txheej sib txawv:
Khoov tsis ua hauj lwm lub zog ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulators): Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 18 kN (feem ntau tau txais kev lag luam index).
Loads yuav tsum tau sustained: zoo li qub conductor nro, cua load, ice txheej load, kev khiav hauj lwm torque thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm luv luv - Circuit Court electrodynamic quab yuam, nrog ib tug kev ruaj ntseg yam feem ntau teem ntawm 2.0-3.0.
Hlau fittings: kub-dip galvanized los yog coated rau corrosion kuj tiv thaiv galvanic corrosion. Porcelain lub cev yuav tsum ruaj khov rau cov hlau fittings nrog kev tswj kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov pob qij txha cemented; fasteners yuav tsum tau nruab nrog tiv thaiv -loosing qauv.
Mechanical ua hauj lwm endurance: lub insulator yuav tsum nyob twj ywm tsis muaj cracking los yog interface debonding tom qab rov qab kaw thiab tso cov kev ua ntawm lub fuse.
4. Environmental and Weather Resistance Design Requirements
Kev khiav hauj lwm ib puag ncig: -40℃-+40℃raws li tus qauv. Kev siv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud yog xav tau rau qhov siab siab, tshuaj tsuag ntsev thiab tshuaj lom neeg thaj chaw.
Porcelain insulators: du thiab compact glaze nto, huab cua tsis kam thiab tsim nyog thermal shock cycling; tsis muaj glaze ploj, pinholes los yog tawg.
Composite insulators: tiv taus ultraviolet laus, ozone thiab ntsev tsuag. Hydrophobicity yuav tsis degrade loj heev tom qab lub sij hawm ntev - raug sab nraum zoov; core pas nrig tawg thiab kev sib tshuam dej nkag mus yuav tsis tshwm sim.
Ice coating design: lub rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud flashover voltage yuav tsum muaj cov npoo txaus nyob rau hauv dej khov -coated tej yam kev mob.
5. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv
Shed profile: alternating loj thiab me me los txuas ntxiv txoj kev xau thiab tsis txhob txuas ntxiv cov yeeb yaj kiab dej uas tsim los ntawm cov dej nag. Shed projection dimension yuav tsum muaj qhov loj me kom tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsev.
Kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlau fittings thiab rwb thaiv tsev lub cev: txhim khu kev qha cementing / crimping kom tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab concentration. Cov khoom hlau yuav tsum tau txais kev hloov pauv hloov pauv kom txo cov hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cuam tshuam corona thiab xov tooj cua cuam tshuam.
Mounting qauv: xyuas kom meej lub fuse raj yog ntsia ntawm ib tug inclination ntawm 15℃-30℃(25℃feem ntau siv). Cov qauv txhawb nqa ntawm lub insulator yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim khu kev qha poob ntawm lub fuse raj.
Dimensional interchangeability: mounting interface qhov ntev ntawm cov insulators ntawm tib tus qauv yuav tsum tau sib koom ua ke rau kev hloov chaw yooj yim.
6. Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Kev Ntsuam Xyuas (Hom Kev Ntsuas thiab Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas)
Hom Kev Xeem
Lightning impulse withstand test, qhuav / ntub zog- zaus tiv thaiv kev xeem
Khoov tsis ua hauj lwm load test
Pollution Test (Ntswj tshuaj tsuag / cov pa phem tsim tawm flashover rau cov khoom siv hauv thaj chaw muaj kuab heev)
Thermal cycling aging test (porcelain parts); rau composite insulators: aging test, tracking resistance test, water diffusion test
Corona thiab xov tooj cua cuam tshuam kuaj
Corrosion test rau hlau fittings thiab sealing kev ntseeg tau kuaj
Cov kev xeem niaj hnub
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag (kev tawg, glaze tsis xws luag thiab lwm yam imperfections)
Fais fab - zaus tiv thaiv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm txhua chav tsev
Dimensional thiab creepage nrug txheeb xyuas
7. Kev xav txog kev tsim qauv dav dav
High -kev siv qhov siab: tsuas yog nce qhov siab ntawm insulator tsis txaus;creepage nrug ua ke nrog xob laim thiab fais fab - zaus tiv thaiv voltages yuav tsum raug kho synchronously.
Rau cov insulators sib xyaw, qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab rau kev tswj xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub sealingcore rod-sheath interface, txij li dej ingress ntawm lub interface yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis ua hauj lwm hom ntawm composite insulators.
Cov cemented cheeb tsam ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulators) yog qhov tsis muaj zog. Kev tswj tsis raug ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov cement tuaj yeem ua rau tawg hauv kev pabcuam.
Insulator tsim yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog tsom rau cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Lub tshuab tsis ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv luv luv- Circuit Court electrodynamic quab yuam, cua thauj khoom thiab cov dej khov txheej yog ib hom tsis ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua rau cov insulators ntawm sab nraum zoov poob- tawm fuses.
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